AI-Empowered SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager (POPM) Exam Questions

Domain 1: Product Owner/Product Management Roles and Responsibilities

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The Lean-Agile Mindset

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*Which of the following statements is one of the five Lean Thinking principles?

⬜ Deliver working software frequently
⬜ Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
⬜ Identify the Value Stream for each product
⬜ Decentralize decision-making

*What is “precisely specify value by specific product” central to?

⬜ Lean Thinking
⬜ SAFe Principles
⬜ Agile Manifesto
⬜ SAFe Core Values

*What is the focus of Lean Thinking?

⬜ Ensuring respect for people and culture
⬜ Moving to an iterative development process
⬜ Implementing objective measures of progress
⬜ Reducing delays

What is the goal of Lean Thinking?

⬜ Lean-Agile Leadership as an organizational culture
⬜ Deliver maximum Value with the shortest sustainable lead time
⬜ Aligning principles and values to a fixed cause
⬜ Building a Lean Mindset as opposed to a Fixed Mindset

*Which statement is a value from the Agile Manifesto?

⬜ Responding to a plan over responding to customer collaboration
⬜ Responding to a plan over responding to change
⬜ Responding to change over following a system
⬜ Responding to change over following a plan

The Product Manager makes weekly visits to a customer’s site. Which two Agile Manifesto Values support this behavior? (Choose two.)

⬜ Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project
⬜ Individual interactions over processes and tools
⬜ Working software over detailed documentation
⬜ Following a plan over responding to change
⬜ Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

Which statement is a principle of the Agile Manifesto?

⬜ Measure everything
⬜ Simplicity–the art of maximizing the amount of work not done–is essential
⬜ Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue lengths
⬜ Respect for people and culture

*Which SAFe Core Value includes “use common terminology” and “understand your customer”?

⬜ Alignment
⬜ Respect for People
⬜ Relentless Improvement
⬜ Transparency

Which SAFe Core Value includes “create trust-based environment” and “learn from mistakes”?

⬜ Alignment
⬜ Respect for People
⬜ Relentless Improvement
⬜ Transparency

Which SAFe Core Value includes “build long-term partnership” and “value diversity”?

⬜ Alignment
⬜ Respect for People
⬜ Relentless Improvement
⬜ Transparency

Which SAFe Core Value includes “build problem-solving culture” and “reflect and adapt” ?

⬜ Alignment
⬜ Respect for People
⬜ Relentless Improvement
⬜ Transparency

Which SAFe Lean-Agile Principle supports applying a Set-Based design approach?

⬜ Take an economic view
⬜ Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles
⬜ Assume variability, preserve options
⬜ Apply systems thinking

Which type of decision should remain centralized even in a decentralized decision-making environment?

⬜ Decisions that come with a high cost of delay
⬜ Decisions that require local information
⬜ Decisions that are made frequently
⬜ Decisions that deliver large and broad economic benefits

Value Streams

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*Where are systems, people who do the work, and the flow of information and materials represented?

⬜ Within a Solution Train
⬜ Within an Architectural Runway
⬜ Within a Value Stream
⬜ Within a Continuous Delivery Pipeline

*What is the primary focus of an Operational Value Stream?

⬜ Lowering operational costs
⬜ Orchestrating supply chain networks
⬜ Improving business operations
⬜ Delivering end-user value

*What is defined as a product, service, or system delivered to the Customer?

⬜ Value
⬜ Epic
⬜ Capability
⬜ Solution

What system delivers a product or service to a Customer?

⬜ Kanban System
⬜ Dual Operating System
⬜ Operational Value Stream
⬜ Development Value Stream

What system convert a business hypothesis into a digitally-enabled solution that delivers customer value?

⬜ Customer Journey Value Stream
⬜ Dual Operating System
⬜ Operational Value Stream
⬜ Development Value Stream

*What is one way to describe a cross-functional Agile Team?

⬜ They release customer products to production continuously
⬜ They deliver value every 6 weeks
⬜ They are optimized for communication and delivery of value
⬜ They are made up of individuals, each of whom can define, develop, test, and deploy the system

What are two ways to describe a cross-functional Agile Team? (Choose two.)

⬜ They are optimized for communication and delivery of value
⬜ They deliver value every six weeks
⬜ They are made up of members, each of whom can define, develop, test, and deploy the system
⬜ They can define, build, and test an increment of value
⬜ They release customer products to production continuously

What is a characteristic of a SAFe Agile Team?

⬜ Scrum Masters write and accept stories
⬜ Agile Teams deliver value at the end of each PI
⬜ Product owner facilitates the team sync
⬜ The Scrum Master and Product Owner are two specialty roles

What is this statement describing? “Agile Teams continuously adapt to new circumstances and enhance the methods of value delivery.”

⬜ Continuous Delivery
⬜ Continuous Integration
⬜ Continuous Deployment
⬜ Continuous Improvement

The Scrum Master is what above all else? (Choose two.)

⬜ A Servant Leader
⬜ A Team Coach
⬜ A SAFe Agilist
⬜ A Lean-Agile Leader

What is part of the role of the Scrum Master?

⬜ To prioritize and identify what is ready for Iteration Planning
⬜ To escalate ART impediments
⬜ To understand Customer needs
⬜ To facilitate the team events

Which team type is organized to deliver the value directly to the customer?

⬜ Stream-aligned team
⬜ Platform team
⬜ Complicated subsystem team
⬜ Enabling team

Which team type is organized to build the internal and supporting services to reduce the cognitive load?

⬜ Stream-aligned team
⬜ Platform team
⬜ Complicated subsystem team
⬜ Enabling team

Which team type is organized to build and maintain a part of the system?

⬜ Stream-aligned team
⬜ Platform team
⬜ Complicated subsystem team
⬜ Enabling team

*Which team type is organized to assist other teams with specialized capabilities and help them become more proficient in new technologies?

⬜ Stream-aligned team
⬜ Platform team
⬜ Complicated subsystem team
⬜ Enabling team

The Agile Release Train uses which type of teams to get work done?

⬜ Solution teams
⬜ Phased-review-process teams
⬜ Management teams
⬜ Cross-functional teams

Which role serves as a servant leader for the Agile Release Train?

⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Agile Coach
⬜ Scrum Master

Who acts as the ‘Chief Scrum Master’ for the Agile Release Train?

⬜ Scrum Master
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Product Manager
⬜ Release Train Engineer

Which role defines the Nonfunctional Requirements (NFRs) in ART?

⬜ Scrum Master
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Manager
⬜ System Architect

Which role serves as a critical guardrail for the ART’s budgetary spending?

⬜ Scrum Master
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Manager
⬜ Business Owner

What do Shared Services represent?

⬜ A future view of the solution to be developed, reflecting customer and stakeholder needs.
⬜ A community of practice is an informal group of team members and other experts.
⬜ A team that provides assistance in building and using the continuous delivery pipeline.
⬜ The specialty roles, people, and services required for the success of an Agile Release Train or Solution Train.

The Agile Release Train passes through four steps to deliver Solutions which include: defining new functionality, building, validating, and what else?

⬜ Completing phase-gate steps
⬜ Releasing
⬜ Regulatory compliance
⬜ DevOps testing

Product Owner Responsibilities

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*What is one responsibility of the Product Owner?

⬜ Testing Features
⬜ Assigning PI Objectives
⬜ Estimating Stories
⬜ Prioritizing the Team Backlog

*What is one responsibility area of a Product Owner?

⬜ Getting and applying feedback
⬜ Getting value to and from the Customer
⬜ Getting Solutions built
⬜ Getting strategy and Vision into roadmaps

*Which Product Owner responsibility supports the team with value delivery?

⬜ Testing benefit hypotheses
⬜ Fostering Built-in Quality
⬜ Supporting the Architectural Runway
⬜ Understanding market forces

What is part of the role of the Product Owner?

⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Team Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the ART Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Solution Train Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Portfolio Backlog

Which does NOT come under Product Owner responsibility?

⬜ Connecting with the Customer
⬜ Contributing to the Vision and Roadmap
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Team Backlog
⬜ Facilitate PI Planning

What is one area of task for a Product Owner in managing and prioritizing the team backlog?

⬜ Share Feedback with the ART
⬜ Foster Built-in Quality
⬜ Support Architectural Runway
⬜ Understand Market forces

Which role in SAFe has content authority over the Agile Team’s backlog?

⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Agile Team
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Release Train Engineer

Product Management has content authority over the Program Backlog. What do Product Owners have content authority over?

⬜ Value Streams
⬜ Portfolio Backlog
⬜ Portfolio Vision
⬜ Team Backlog

Who acts as a customer proxy for Agile teams?

⬜ The Scrum Master
⬜ The Product Owner
⬜ The Release Train Engineer
⬜ The Business Analyst

Who owns and prioritizes the Team backlog during an Iteration?

⬜ Scrum Master
⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Product Management

When working with the team backlog, what is the specific function of the Product Owner?

⬜ Helping surface problems with the current plan.
⬜ Investing all their time in developing specific acceptance tests.
⬜ Holding all features that are planned to be delivered by an ART.
⬜ Protecting the team from the problem of multiple stakeholders.

What does the Product Owner do as part of the prep work for Iteration Planning?

⬜ They collaborate with their team to detail stories with acceptance criteria and acceptance tests.
⬜ They review and reprioritize the backlog.
⬜ They elaborate backlogs into user stories for implementation.
⬜ They build, edit, and maintain the team backlog.

What is the role of the Product Owner during the Iteration Retrospective?

⬜ The Product Owner should provide feedback to the team on their progress towards the Product Backlog
⬜ The Product Owner should participate in the Iteration Retrospective, but should not lead it
⬜ The Product Owner should lead the Iteration Retrospective
⬜ The Product Owner should not participate in the Iteration Retrospective, as it is a time for the team to reflect on their own work

In PI Planning, what is the responsibility of the Product Owner?

⬜ To contribute with communicating the Product Vision and Roadmap to the Development Teams
⬜ To review the Iteration plans
⬜ To present the Vision to stakeholders
⬜ To facilitate the planning event

Who has content authority to make decisions at the User Story level during Program Increment (PI) Planning?

⬜ Scrum Masters
⬜ Agile Team
⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Release Train Engineer

Product Management Responsibilities

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*Which role does Product Management work with to prioritize Enablers?

⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Solution Management
⬜ System Architect
⬜ Development Manager

*What is one responsibility of Product Management?

⬜ Managing and prioritizing the Team Backlog
⬜ Supporting the Team in delivering value
⬜ Building the Solution
⬜ Connecting with the Customer

*What is one responsibility of Product Management?

⬜ Prioritizing the Portfolio Backlog
⬜ Developing Story acceptance criteria
⬜ Establishing an architectural Vision for the ART
⬜ Managing the ART Backlog

What is one responsibility of Product Management?

⬜ Building High-Performing Teams
⬜ Defining Product Strategy, Vision and Roadmap
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Team Backlog
⬜ Facilitating PI Planning

What is part of the role of Product Management?

⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Team Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the ART Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Solution Train Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Portfolio Backlog

You need someone in your organization who will be the authority on the ART backlog and is the internal voice of the Customer. What SAFe Program-level role must you fill?

⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Solution Management
⬜ Epic Owner

Who is responsible for gathering qualitative and quantitative insights about market dynamics and user preferences?

⬜ Lean Portfolio Management
⬜ Solution Management
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Product Owner

What is one responsibility of Product Management?

⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Solution Backlog
⬜ Managing and Prioritizing the Team Backlog
⬜ Connecting with the Customer
⬜ Supporting the team in delivering the value

Who owns the Feature priorities during the PI Planning?

⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Solution Architect/Engineer

Which role does the Product management collaborate with to support the ongoing development and maintenance of the Architectural Runway?

⬜ Enterprise Architect
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ System Architect
⬜ Solution Architect

Who is responsible for defining and communicating the ART’s Vision and Roadmap?

⬜ Product Management
⬜ System Architect
⬜ Release Train Engineer (RTE)
⬜ Business Owners

Domain 2: Preparing for PI Planning

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PI Planning

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*What is the example of applying cadence and synchronization in SAFe?

⬜ Creating cross-functional ARTs and Agile teams
⬜ Allocating budgets to Value Streams
⬜ Using a Portfolio Kanban system
⬜ Conducting a PI Planning event

*What is one step when determining initial team capacity during PI Planning?

⬜ Compare final team capacity across all teams
⬜ Add together all of the points from recently completed Features
⬜ Ensure Product Owner/Product Manager approval for all time-based capacity adjustments
⬜ Subtract one point for every team member’s vacation day, public holiday, or training day

What is the recommended duration for a Planning Interval (PI) in SAFe?

⬜ 4-6 weeks
⬜ 6-8 weeks
⬜ 8-12 weeks
⬜ 12-16 weeks

Whose active participation in the PI Planning event provides an essential Guardrail on budgetary spending?

⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Solution Architect/Engineer

What is one benefit of PI Planning?

⬜ Allows for faster decision-making
⬜ It maximizes team capacity
⬜ It aligns the ART to established DevOps practices
⬜ It fosters cross-team dependencies

Which of the following events aligns teams on a train?

⬜ Iteration Planning
⬜ Coach Sync
⬜ Architect Sync
⬜ PI Planning

The Solution Vision

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What is the purpose of Solution Vision in SAFe?

⬜ To provide the future state of the product or solution under development
⬜ To outline the specific goals for the current Planning Internal (PI)
⬜ To define the team’s long-term goals
⬜ To prioritize the ART backlog

*Which of the following questions does a Vision answer?

⬜ When will the Solution be delivered?
⬜ What problem(s) will the Solution solve?
⬜ What Stories are needed to support the Solution?
⬜ What Solutions are competitors offering?

*What is one input to the Vision?

⬜ Feature context
⬜ Portfolio Backlog
⬜ Team topologies
⬜ Customer feedback

*What is one influence on the Vision?

⬜ Lean Budget Guardrails
⬜ Strategic Themes
⬜ Value Stream budgets
⬜ Portfolio Backlog items

Solution and PI Roadmaps

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*What is one influence on Solution and PI Roadmaps?

⬜ Market Dynamics
⬜ Value Streams
⬜ Customer-centric Features
⬜ ART Capacity

*Where can Product Management find information about when a specific Epic will be completed?

⬜ The Solution Roadmap
⬜ The System Architecture Designs
⬜ The ART Backlog
⬜ The Development Manager

When does a Roadmap become a queue?

⬜ When it is longer than one Program Increment
⬜ When it is fully committed
⬜ When it includes no commitments
⬜ When it contains Features and not Epics

What does the Program Roadmap do in the Scaled Agile Framework?

⬜ It provides visibility into the Portfolio Epics being implemented in the next year
⬜ It describes technical dependencies between Features
⬜ It communicates the delivery of Features over a near term timeline
⬜ It describes the program commitment for the current and next two Program Increments

Which is not a roadmap defined by SAFe?

⬜ PI Roadmap
⬜ Solution Roadmap
⬜ Portfolio Roadmap
⬜ ART Roadmap

What unit time is used on Solution Roadmaps?

⬜ PIs
⬜ Years
⬜ Days
⬜ Iterations

What is the recommended time horizon of the PI Roadmap?

⬜ 8-12 Weeks
⬜ 6-9 Months
⬜ 1-3 Years
⬜ 2-4 Months

What is the recommended time horizon of the Solution Roadmap?

⬜ 1-3 years
⬜ 6-9 months
⬜ 3-4 weeks
⬜ 3-4 months

Customer-centric Features

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Design Thinking identifies at least four new ways to measure success. What are two of those ways? (Choose two.)

⬜ Reliability
⬜ Scalability
⬜ Marketability
⬜ Sustainability
⬜ Desirability

What are the 4 D’s associated with the Core Design Thinking process that appears as a ‘Double Diamond’?

⬜ Discover, Define, Develop, Deliver
⬜ Define, Direct, Design, Deliver
⬜ Discover, Direct, Design, Deliver
⬜ Define, Direct, Develop, Deliver

*What is one of the tools associated with Design Thinking?

⬜ Set-based design
⬜ Empathy Maps
⬜ Portfolio Canvas
⬜ Behavior-driven development

Which is a design thinking tool that promotes customer identification by helping teams develop a deep, shared understanding of others?

⬜ Personas
⬜ Customer Journey Map
⬜ Story Map
⬜ Empathy Maps

Which tool is used to illustrate the high-level user experience in Design Thinking?

⬜ Benefit-feature Matrix
⬜ Empathy Maps
⬜ Customer Journey Map
⬜ Story Map

What is one method for designing the end-to-end Customer experience?

⬜ Feature storming
⬜ Journey mapping
⬜ Whole-product thinking
⬜ Persona development

Fictional representations of target customers or users are called?

⬜ Users
⬜ Personas
⬜ Consumers
⬜ Customers

ART Backlog and Kanban

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Which of the following roles has content authority for the ART Backlog?

⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ System Architect

*What is one benefit of capacity allocation?

⬜ It prevents different types of backlog items from being compared against each other
⬜ It reinforces the Lean-Agile Mindset
⬜ It allocates developers and testers to an initiative
⬜ It ensures all Value Streams in the Portfolio are appropriately funded

*What is one way Kanbans are used in SAFe?

⬜ To manage runway cadence
⬜ To manage WIP limits
⬜ To manage PI Objectives
⬜ To manage non-functional requirements (NFRs) in the backlog

*What does a Kanban board demonstrate?

⬜ The accumulated value of a team’s work
⬜ A burndown chart of work completed in the Iteration
⬜ Where a team has too much work-in-process (WIP)
⬜ The cost of delay of each item on the board

*What can assist in facilitating Team Flow?

⬜ Solution Roadmap
⬜ WIP limits
⬜ Test cases
⬜ ART Planning Board

Which technique is used by Product Management to prioritize the features in ART Backlog?

⬜ WSJF
⬜ Empathy Maps
⬜ 5 Whys
⬜ SWOT Analysis

Weighted Shortest Job First gives preference to jobs with which two characteristics? (Choose two.)

⬜ Higher Cost of Delay
⬜ Lower Cost of Delay
⬜ Fixed date
⬜ Shorter duration
⬜ Revenue impact

*User business value and time criticality are components of what?

⬜ Story point estimation
⬜ Product Vision
⬜ Cost of Delay
⬜ Feature Acceptance Criteria

Given the equal Cost of Delay (CoD), which job should be done first based on Job Duration (JD)?

⬜ CoD = $$, JD = 1 day
⬜ CoD = $$, JD = 3 days
⬜ CoD = $$, JD = 10 days
⬜ CoD = $$, JD = 1 month

Given the equal Job Duration (JD), which job should be done first based on Cost of Delay (CoD)?

⬜ CoD = $$$$, JD = 3 days
⬜ CoD = $$$, JD = 3 days
⬜ CoD = $$, JD = 3 days
⬜ CoD = $, JD = 3 days

WSJF is particularly not useful to prioritize what?

⬜ Team Backlog
⬜ Portfolio Backlog
⬜ Solution Backlog
⬜ ART Backlog

Which two statements describe a Capability? (Choose two.)

⬜ It is maintained in the Portfolio Backlog
⬜ It must be structured to fit within a single PI
⬜ It is written using a phrase, benefit hypothesis, and acceptance criteria
⬜ It remains complete and becomes a Feature for implementation
⬜ It is developed and approved without any dependency on the Solution Kanban

Which role accepts capabilities as complete?

⬜ Solution Management
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Solution Architect
⬜ Solution Train Engineer

*What work-item can be split from Epics?

⬜ Stories
⬜ Tasks
⬜ Features
⬜ Spikes

Domain 3: Leading PI Planning

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Communicate the Vision

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*Communicating and refining the vision to the Agile Release Train during PI Planning supports which SAFE Core Value?

⬜ Relentless Improvement
⬜ Alignment
⬜ Respect to People
⬜ Transparency

When explaining why the top 10 Features were chosen for PI Planning, which SAFe Core Value is demonstrated?

⬜ Relentless Improvement
⬜ Alignment
⬜ Respect to People
⬜ Transparency

*Who communicates the Vision during PI Planning?

⬜ System Architect
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Product Owner

*What is one question that helps Product Management create a Vision?

⬜ How many Features have been released to the Customer?
⬜ What problem(s) will the Solution solve?
⬜ Which themes are on the Roadmap?
⬜ What Features must be de-scoped?

*What is essential when communicating the Vision?

⬜ The importance of empathy interviews
⬜ The importance of Value Stream Management (VSM)
⬜ The importance of Lean budget Guardrails
⬜ The importance of non-functional requirements

*Which role ensures that the ART has the Vision and Backlog needed to engage in PI Planning successfully?

⬜ Shared Services
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Management
⬜ Lean-Agile Center of Excellence

What are the two inputs to PI Planning? (Choose two.)

⬜ Vision
⬜ Ready user stories
⬜ Program Roadmap
⬜ Top-10 Features list
⬜ A set of PI Objectives

What is a PI Planning input that demonstrates how Product Management plans to accomplish the Vision?

⬜ The business context
⬜ The top ten Features
⬜ The Team Backlog
⬜ The ART planning board

A successful PI planning event delivers which primary outputs? (Choose two.)

⬜ Roadmap and Vision
⬜ Business Context
⬜ Committed PI objectives
⬜ ART planning board
⬜ Scope

*During the PI Planning event when are planning adjustments agreed upon?

⬜ During breakout sessions
⬜ During the management review and problem-solving meeting
⬜ During the Coach sync
⬜ During the draft plan review

Which of the below statement about draft plan review is NOT True?

⬜ Entire ART is present during Draft Plan review
⬜ Initial PI Objectives in the Draft Plan do not include ‘uncommitted objectives’
⬜ Draft Plan review usually happens on Day 1 of PI planning
⬜ ART planning board is used for the Draft Plan review

On day two of PI Planning, management presents adjustments based on the previous day’s management review and problem-solving meeting. What is one possible type of adjustment they could make?

⬜ Change a team’s plan
⬜ Create new User Stories
⬜ Adjust business priorities
⬜ Adjust the length of the PI

On day two of PI Planning, adjustments are made by the group based on the previous day’s management review and problem-solving meeting. What are three possible types of changes? (Choose three.)

⬜ Adjustment to PI Objectives
⬜ User Stories
⬜ Planning requirements reset
⬜ Movement of people
⬜ Changes to scope

Establish PI Objectives

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*Which is developed by teams and rolled up to the ART level during PI Planning?

⬜ ART PI Risks
⬜ Dependencies
⬜ Milestones
⬜ PI Objectives

*What is one characteristic of writing effective PI Objectives?

⬜ Including critical Stories
⬜ Listing out committed Features
⬜ Describing the value
⬜ Identifying significant risks

*What is one benefit of using PI Objectives?

⬜ To obtain immediate feedback from Business Owners
⬜ To promote centralized decisions
⬜ To commit to specific Features
⬜ To achieve commitment from management

Who quantify the value of PI Objectives by assigning a business value?

⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Scrum Master

*Who decides the Team PI Objective Business Value scoring after negotiation?

⬜ The RTE
⬜ The Agile Team
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Product Management

*Why do Business Owners assign business value to team PI Objectives? (Choose two.)

⬜ To determine the highest value using WSJF
⬜ To ensure the teams do not work on architectural Enablers
⬜ To provide guidance on the business value of the team objectives
⬜ To override the decisions made in WSJF prioritization
⬜ To empower teams to make decisions around work
⬜ To determine what the teams should work on first

What is considered an anti-pattern when assigning business values to team PI Objectives?

⬜ Business Owners assigning the business value
⬜ Assigning business values to uncommitted objectives
⬜ All PI Objectives are given a value of 10
⬜ Business Owners assign high values to important Enabler work

What is a common anti-pattern for teams trying to prepare their draft objectives at PI planning?

⬜ Describe the value and impact
⬜ Too much time is spent analyzing each Story
⬜ Remove jargon so that PI Objectives are understandable to Business Owners and Customers
⬜ Not using Features or Stories as PI Objectives

Teams make their PI objectives SMART, what SMART stands for?

⬜ Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-Bound
⬜ Strategic, Maintainable, Achievable, Realistic, Testable
⬜ Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Reusable, Testable
⬜ Strategic, Maintainable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-Bound

Which two statements are true about uncommitted objectives? (Choose two.)

⬜ The work to deliver the uncommitted objectives is not planned into the iterations during PI Planning
⬜ Uncommitted objectives are extra things the team can do in case they have time
⬜ Uncommitted objectives are not included in the team’s commitment
⬜ Uncommitted objectives do not get assigned a planned business value score
⬜ Uncommitted objectives help improve predictability

*Which statement applies to uncommitted objectives?

⬜ They are items the team has high confidence in
⬜ They are extra things teams can do if they have time
⬜ They are counted when calculating load
⬜ They are included in the commitment

Which statement correctly describes one aspect of the team’s commitment at the end of PI Planning?

⬜ A team commits only to the PI Objectives with the highest business value
⬜ A team does not commit to uncommitted objectives
⬜ A team commits to all the Features they put on the program board
⬜ A team commits to all the Stories they put on their PI plan

Which is not a valid reason to move a PI Objective to uncommitted?

⬜ Dependencies with another team or supplier that cannot be guaranteed
⬜ The team has little to no experience with functionality of this type
⬜ There are a large number of critical objectives that the business depends on, and the team is already loaded close to full capacity.
⬜ There is an objective with low business value

Manage dependencies

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*What is found on the ART Planning board?

⬜ Features
⬜ User Stories
⬜ Tasks
⬜ Epics

*Which tool shows dependencies during PI Planning?

⬜ Management Review and Problem-Solving session
⬜ PI Objectives
⬜ ART Planning Board
⬜ ART PI Risks Board

You can find the Features and Milestones on the ART Planning board, what else?

⬜ Requirements
⬜ Dependencies
⬜ Risk
⬜ Objectives

Which three items are found on an ART Planning board? (Choose three.)

⬜ Significant Dependencies
⬜ Milestones or Events
⬜ Tasks
⬜ Backlog items
⬜ Features
⬜ User Stories

What helps visualize work during PI Planning?

⬜ ART PI Objectives
⬜ ART Planning Board
⬜ ART PI Risks
⬜ ART Predictability Measure

What is a risk that can be understood from the ART Planning board?

⬜ Teams’ work in process (WIP) limits are being ignored
⬜ No work is planned for the Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration
⬜ Teams do not understand their Features and Epics
⬜ A Feature has an excess of dependencies associated with it

When looking at an ART Planning Board, what does it mean when a feature is placed in a team’s swim lane with no strings?

⬜ That the feature can be completed independently from the other teams
⬜ That all the risks have been ROAMed
⬜ That the team has little confidence it will happen
⬜ That the feature should be completed before any other feature

What are the minimum requirements for a Feature?

⬜ Name, benefit hypothesis, and acceptance criteria
⬜ Acceptance criteria, data models, and priority
⬜ Benefit hypothesis, acceptance criteria, and priority
⬜ Non-functional requirements, data models, and architecture

Which statement accurately describes the SAFe backlog model?

⬜ Features are in the ART Backlog
⬜ Capabilities are in the Team Backlog
⬜ Epics are in Solution Train Backlog
⬜ Stories are in the ART Backlog

What is the strategy for managing complex critical path challenges?

⬜ Sequence work to eliminate same Iteration dependencies
⬜ Adjust work between teams or split Features and Stories
⬜ Distribute work to others teams
⬜ Allocate work between teams based on forecasted capacity

Manage risks

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*During the final plan review, ART PI risks are ROAM’ed. What do the letters in ROAM represent?

⬜ Resolved, Owned, Assigned, Mitigated
⬜ Resolved, Owned, Accepted, Mitigated
⬜ Resolved, Owned, Approved, Mitigated
⬜ Resolved, Owned, Active, Mitigated

During the final plan review, team categorize the ART PI Risk as Resolved?

⬜ when the teams agree that the risk is no longer a concern
⬜ when the team identify a plan to reduce the impact of the risk
⬜ when someone takes the responsibity to own the risk
⬜ All of the above

Which statement describes an owned ART PI Risk?

⬜ Someone has taken the responsibility of the risk
⬜ The risk has been addressed and is no longer a concern
⬜ There is a strategy to adjust the plan as necessary
⬜ Nothing more can be done, so if a risk occurs, release may be compromised

Which statement describes an accepted ART PI Risk?

⬜ Someone has taken the responsibility of the risk
⬜ The risk has been addressed and is no longer a concern
⬜ There is a strategy to adjust the plan as necessary
⬜ Nothing more can be done, so if a risk occurs, release may be compromised

*Which statement describes a mitigated ART PI Risk?

⬜ Someone has taken the responsibility of the risk
⬜ The risk has been addressed and is no longer a concern
⬜ There is a strategy to adjust the plan as necessary
⬜ Nothing more can be done, so if a risk occurs, release may be compromised

During PI Planning, which activity happens after “dependencies are resolved and risks are addressed”?

⬜ Confidence vote
⬜ Retrospective
⬜ Management Review and Problem-Solving session
⬜ Team breakouts

After addressing risks during the PI Planning in ART PI Risks, what activity follows?

⬜ Confidence vote
⬜ Retrospective
⬜ Management Review and Problem-Solving session
⬜ Team breakouts

Why is a confidence vote held at the end of PI Planning?

⬜ To remove the risks for the PI
⬜ To build shared commitment to the Program plan
⬜ To ensure that Business Owners accept the plan
⬜ To hold the team accountable if the Agile Release Train does not deliver on its commitment

*A confidence vote is taken at the end of PI Planning after dependencies are resolved and risks are addressed. What best describes the process of the confidence vote?

⬜ Each person votes
⬜ The managers vote
⬜ The teams and the ARTs vote
⬜ The business owners vote

At the end of PI Planning after dependencies are resolved and risks are addressed, a confidence vote is taken. What is the default method used to vote?

⬜ A vote by team then a vote of every person for the train
⬜ A vote by every person then normalized for the train
⬜ A vote by team normalized for the train
⬜ A single vote by every person for the train

Domain 4: Executing Iteration

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Stories and Story Maps

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*What is one method to establish a team’s velocity?

⬜ Add the Story points for all Features completed in the Iteration
⬜ Compare the average Story points completed throughout the previous Iterations
⬜ Calculate the percentage planned versus actual Stories completed during an Iteration
⬜ Add the Story points for all the Stories planned for the Iteration

*Why is it important to establish a definition of done?

⬜ To create standardized work between all Agile Teams
⬜ To enable Scrum Master/Team Coaches to enforce quality
⬜ To ensure Features provide the expected business benefits
⬜ To create alignment on when Stories are complete

When is a Story considered complete?

⬜ It satisfies the Definition of Done
⬜ The team is done working on it
⬜ It is accepted by the Stakeholders
⬜ The scope has been changed

What is a pattern for splitting Features into Stories?

⬜ Layers of the technology stack
⬜ Variations in data
⬜ Team Skills
⬜ Task to complete

According to SAFe, which of the following types of work should fit into one Iteration for one team?

⬜ Epics
⬜ Tasks
⬜ Features
⬜ Stories

What is the recommended format for writing User Stories?

⬜ I want…, When…, So that…
⬜ Given…, When…, Then…
⬜ As a…, When…, Then…
⬜ As a…, I want to…, So that…

What should a team do with Stories that contain a high level of uncertainty?

⬜ Move them to the next PI
⬜ Wait until the risk reduces
⬜ Assign them to another team
⬜ Create a spike to reduce the risk

*What is one tool that visualizes Features representing a workflow?

⬜ User experience Design
⬜ Continuous Delivery Pipeline
⬜ Story Maps
⬜ PI Objectives

Iteration Planning

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During Iteration Planning, what must be established before story analysis and estimation?

⬜ Iteration Goals
⬜ Story Assignments
⬜ Team Capacity
⬜ Size Estimates

During which of the following Agile Team events do team members estimate relative story sizes?

⬜ Backlog Refinement
⬜ Iteration Review
⬜ Iteration Planning
⬜ Iteration Retrospective

*Why do Agile Teams use Iteration Goals?

⬜ To align the team members and the Product Owner to a common purpose
⬜ To ensure the team accomplishes the committed Stories for each Iteration
⬜ To summarize the business outcomes an Agile Team intends to achieve during the PI
⬜ To hold the team accountable to their PI Objectives

What is one purpose of Iteration Goals?

⬜ To communicate which Stories will be completed during the Iteration
⬜ To align Team members to common purpose
⬜ To identify what to present in System Demo
⬜ To get Feedback from the organization

The Team Kanban

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What is the focus of the Team Sync?

⬜ PI objectives versus outcomes
⬜ Progress towards the Iteration and PI goals
⬜ Scrum Master goals versus Development Team goals
⬜ Plan objectives versus Program Owner objectives

What is one responsibility of the Product Owner during Team Sync?

⬜ To add new work into the Iteration
⬜ To clarify Story intent
⬜ To relay Customer feedback
⬜ To facilitate event

What does SAFe Team Kanban promote?

⬜ Compliance
⬜ Collaboration
⬜ Separation of duties
⬜ Leadership

What is one organizing attribute that teams share with the other teams on their ART?

⬜ Prioritization across all backlogs
⬜ Simultaneous release in one pipeline
⬜ Facilitation techniques amongst all meetings
⬜ Synchronization to a common cadence

Backlog Refinement

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What is the primary purpose of backlog refinement in SAFe?

⬜ To assign tasks to individual team members
⬜ To define, discuss, estimate, and establish acceptance criteria for upcoming Iteration
⬜ To prioritize the backlog items based on business value
⬜ To review the outcomes of the previous iteration

*During which event does the team preview and elaborate on upcoming Stories?

⬜ Iteration Planning
⬜ Backlog Refinement
⬜ Team Sync
⬜ PI Planning

*What can increase the effectiveness of Backlog Refinement?

⬜ Have separate meetings with subject matter experts
⬜ Refine Stories during Iteration Planning
⬜ Include a few team members
⬜ Schedule the event on a regular cadence

What is the intended value of the Backlog Refinement Event?

⬜ The Team aligns on the progress of Iteration Goals
⬜ The Team reviews and improves processes before the next Iteration
⬜ The Team is able to commit to a set of goals to be delivered in the Iteration
⬜ The Team is able to prepare requirements for Iteration Planning

*Which of the following statements is true about the team backlog?

⬜ The team backlog is where stories are reviewed
⬜ The team backlog is where the team commits to work
⬜ The team backlog is where the team refines possible stories
⬜ The team backlog is where the team finalizes work

Iteration Review and Iteration Retrospective

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What is one goal of the Iteration Review?

⬜ To receive feedback on increment
⬜ To add acceptance criteria to Stories in the Iteration
⬜ To demonstrate completed Stories from the prior Iteration
⬜ To identify dependencies in the Backlog

During Iteration Review, what is one activity performed by an Agile Team?

⬜ Identify opportunities for improvement
⬜ Gather Features requirements from stakeholders
⬜ Demonstrate a working, tested team increment
⬜ Modify Iteration Goals

What is a key outcome expected from a successful Iteration Retrospective?

⬜ Iteration Roadmap
⬜ Improvement Stories
⬜ User Stories
⬜ Iteration Goals

What is the next action for improvement items identified during the Iteration Retrospective?

⬜ They are escalate to the Business Owners
⬜ They are given to the Scrum Master/Team Coach who resolves them
⬜ They are ROAMed with the rest of the risks
⬜ They are entered as Stories in the Team Backlog

Which Agile Team event supports relentless improvement?

⬜ Team Sync
⬜ Inspect and Adapt
⬜ System Demo
⬜ Iteration Retrospective

DevOps and Release on Demand

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*What represents the workflow, activities, and automation needed to deliver new functionality more frequently?

⬜ The Portfolio Kanban
⬜ The Lean budget Guradrails
⬜ The PI Planning process
⬜ The Continuous Delivery Pipeline

*What makes value available when it’s needed?

⬜ DevOps
⬜ Release on Demand
⬜ Continuous Deployment
⬜ Infrastructure

*What does Continuous Exploration help Product Management understand?

⬜ Release strategy
⬜ Solution performance
⬜ Customer needs
⬜ Supplier proposals

*What is enabled by the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?

⬜ A predictable release cadence
⬜ Transparent measurements
⬜ End-to-end testing
⬜ New functionality delivered more frequently

What enables flow through the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?

⬜ The ART Kanban
⬜ Capacity allocation
⬜ Cost of delay
⬜ The Solution Vision

*In the first step of SAFe’s Continuous Delivery Pipeline, Product Owners and Product Managers do what activity?

⬜ Ensure the architecture team has sufficient capacity
⬜ Negotiate supplier contracts
⬜ Prioritize the Team Backlog
⬜ Hypothesize what would create value for Customers

What is SAFe’s release strategy?

⬜ Release on demand
⬜ Release continuously
⬜ Release every Program Increment
⬜ Release on cadence

What is one component of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?

⬜ Continuous Planning
⬜ Continuous Improvement
⬜ Continuous Cadence
⬜ Continuous Exploration

What are the three components of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline? (Choose three.)

⬜ Continuous Planning
⬜ Continuous Improvement
⬜ Continuous Integration
⬜ Continuous Cadence
⬜ Continuous Deployment
⬜ Continuous Exploration

*Deploy, verify, monitor, and respond are all activities of what?

⬜ Continuous Integration
⬜ Continuous Deployment
⬜ Continuous Exploration
⬜ Release on Demand

*Why is it important to decouple deployment from release?

⬜ To remove the need to respond quickly to production issues
⬜ To allow inspection of Agile maturity based on different cycle times
⬜ To make deploying of assets a business decision
⬜ To enable releasing functionality on demand to meet business needs

When is the best time to release software in SAFe?

⬜ After every PI
⬜ After every Iteration
⬜ As soon as the software meets the Solution Definition of Done
⬜ Whenever the Business needs it

Who owns the decision to release the changes into Production in SAFe 6.0?

⬜ Solution Owner
⬜ System Architect
⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Management

What do feature toggles enable?

⬜ Continuous Deployment
⬜ Scheduled Release
⬜ Automated Testing
⬜ Release on Demand

What best describes the DevOps?

⬜ A high-performing DevOps Team
⬜ Combine Deployment and Releases
⬜ Strong organizational structure
⬜ A culture, a mindset and a set of technical practices

Which statement is true about DevOps?

⬜ DevOps is an approach to bridge the gap between development and operations
⬜ DevOps automation of testing reduces the holding cost
⬜ Measurements are not a top priority for DevOps
⬜ Lean-Agile principles are not necessary for a successful DevOps implementation

What is one key purpose of DevOps?

⬜ DevOps joins development and operations to enable continuous delivery
⬜ DevOps enables continuous release by building a scalable Continuous Delivery Pipeline
⬜ DevOps focuses on a set of practices applied to large systems
⬜ DevOps focuses on automating the delivery pipeline to reduce transaction cost

Which statement is true when continuously deploying using a DevOps model?

⬜ It alleviates the reliance on the skill sets of Agile teams
⬜ It increases the transaction cost
⬜ It lessens the severity and frequency of release failures
⬜ It ensures that changes deployed to production are always immediately available to end-users

What does SAFe’s CALMR approach apply to?

⬜ PI Planning
⬜ DevOps
⬜ Economic Framework
⬜ Continuous Deployment

How does “C” in CALMR approach to DevOps help to organize around value and deliver continuous value?

⬜ By automating the continuous delivery pipeline
⬜ By Measuring the flow, quality & value
⬜ By creating a culture of shared responsibility
⬜ By accelerating delivery using lean flow

What is one element of the CALMR approach to DevOps?

⬜ Maximize work in process
⬜ Relentlessly reduce risk
⬜ Lean Flow accelerates delivery
⬜ Activate the knowledge worker

Domain 5: Executing PI

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PO Sync

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*What is the primary purpose of PO Sync?

⬜ To conduct backlog refinement
⬜ To assess progress of the PI and adjust scope and priority as needed
⬜ To build PI Objectives and improve alignment
⬜ To align with Coach Sync participants on the status of the PI

*Who should attend the PO Sync?

⬜ Everyone on the train
⬜ The Product Owners, Product Management, and other stakeholders as needed
⬜ The Coach Sync participants and the Product Owners
⬜ The teams and the RTE

Which of the following events shows how well the ART is progressing toward meeting the PI?

⬜ Backlog Refinement
⬜ PI Planning
⬜ PO Sync
⬜ Inspect and Adapt

What are two of the Agile Release Train Sync meetings? (Choose two.)

⬜ PO Sync
⬜ System Demo
⬜ Solution Demo
⬜ Coach Sync
⬜ Inspect and Adapt

Who facilitates the PO Sync meeting?

⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Scrum Master

Which of the following events manages the PI’s scope, reviews progress, adjusts priorities, and prepares for the following PI?

⬜ PI Planning
⬜ ART Sync
⬜ PI Review
⬜ PO Sync

Who facilitates the Coach Sync meeting?

⬜ Release Train Engineer
⬜ Product Owner
⬜ Business Owner
⬜ Scrum Master

Which statement is true about ART events?

⬜ The daily stand-up is an ART event that requires the scrum of scrums and Program Owner sync involvement in the closed-loop system
⬜ The Inspect and Adapt is the only ART event required to create a closed-loop system
⬜ Team events run inside the ART events, and the ART events create a closed-loop system
⬜ ART events run inside the team events, and the team events create a closed-loop system

Which is not an ART event?

⬜ System Demo
⬜ Inspect and Adapt
⬜ PI Planning
⬜ Backlog Refinement

System Demo

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*What is one anti-pattern related to System Demos?

⬜ People from outside the Agile Release Train attend the System Demo
⬜ Team demos are accepted in place of a System Demo to avoid redundancy
⬜ System demo takes more than 15 minutes
⬜ Different team members conduct the demo each Iteration

*What increases the effectiveness of System Demos?

⬜ Consider how and what to demo during Iteration Planning
⬜ Focus on Team-level Metrics
⬜ Limit team attendance to minimize disruptions to the team
⬜ Spend a lot of time preparing for the demo

What is the main objective of the System Demo?

⬜ Showcase completed features to stakeholders
⬜ Prepare next iteration goals
⬜ Update the PI Objectives
⬜ Identify risks and impediments

What is the main reason for the System Demo?

⬜ To provide an optional quality check
⬜ To enable faster feedback by integration across teams
⬜ To fulfill SAFe PI Planning requirement
⬜ To allow the product owner to provide feedback on team increment

What is the best measure of progress for complex system development?

⬜ Inspect and Adapt
⬜ System Demo
⬜ Prioritized backlog
⬜ Iteration Review

How often should System Demos occur in the default SAFe cadence?

⬜ Every 4 weeks
⬜ When requested
⬜ Weekly
⬜ Every Iteration

Who are important attendees to the PI System Demo?

⬜ Feature Owners
⬜ Board Members
⬜ Portfolio Management
⬜ Business Owners

Which of the following Agile Manifesto Principles aligns with conducting a System Demo?

⬜ Working Software is the primary measure of progress
⬜ Welcome changing requirements, even late in development
⬜ The best way to convey information is a face-to-face conversation
⬜ The Team reflects on how to become more effective at regular intervals

If a program repeatedly shows separate Feature branches rather than a true System Demo, which practice should be reviewed to address the issue?

⬜ Test first
⬜ Roadmap creation
⬜ Continuous Integration
⬜ Scrum of scrums

Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration

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What is the primary goal of the Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration in SAFe?

⬜ To finalize all work from the current Program Increment (PI)
⬜ Finalize the PI Objectives for the upcoming PI
⬜ To serve as a buffer for teams to meet PI objectives and provide time for innovation, planning, and learning
⬜ To increase the velocity of the Agile Release Train (ART)

*How often does the Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration occur?

⬜ During every PI
⬜ Every two Iterations
⬜ Every two PIs
⬜ One per year

What statement is true about Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration? (Choose two.)

⬜ IP Iteration is a unique, dedicated iteration that occurs every PI
⬜ IP Iteration provides dedicated time for PI Planning and I&A events
⬜ IP Iteration is a unique, dedicated iteration that occurs after every 2 or 3 PIs
⬜ IP Iteration provides dedicated time to fix defects of the previous Iterations

Which statement is true about the Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration?

⬜ It is used annually when the team needs to refocus on work processes
⬜ It is used as a weekly sync point between the Scrum Masters
⬜ Without the IP Iteration, there is a risk that the ’tyranny of the urgent’ outweighs all innovation activities
⬜ The Scrum Master can decide if the IP Iteration is necessary

Which of the following is a bad practice for the IP Iteration?

⬜ Dedicate time for I&A event and PI planning event
⬜ Ensure all Stories and Team’s PI plans are completed before the IP Iteration
⬜ Spend time on innovation, exploration, and tech debt in IP Iteration
⬜ Plan work for the IP Iteration during PI Planning and wait for the IP Iteration to fix defects

Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration provides dedicated time for which events?

⬜ PI Planning
⬜ Iteration Review
⬜ Inspect and Adapt
⬜ ART Sync

What are the disadvantages of not planning a dedicated Innovation and Planning (IP) Iteration for every PI?

⬜ Technical debt grows uncontrollably
⬜ People burn out
⬜ No time for teams to plan, demo, or improve together
⬜ All of the above

When should agile teams make time for innovation?

⬜ When there are enabler stories in the backlog
⬜ Continuously throughout the program increment
⬜ Only during innovation and planning iteration
⬜ At a consistent time each day during the iteration

Inspect and Adapt (I&A)

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*What is included in the Inspect and Adapt agenda?

⬜ Quantitative and qualitative measurement
⬜ System Demo
⬜ Management review and confidence vote
⬜ ART Backlog refinement

PI System Demo and Retrospective is part of the Inspect and Adapt (I&A) event, what else? (select two)

⬜ Iteration Review
⬜ PI Planning
⬜ Quantitative and qualitative measurement
⬜ Problem-solving workshop

During Inspect and Adapt, teams identified a large number of action items aimed at solving their biggest problem as a train. How should the team proceed?

⬜ Prioritize and address the most critical issues first
⬜ Ignore the action items and focus on regular tasks
⬜ Delegate all action items to a dedicated team
⬜ Disregard the identified problems and continue as usual

*What is one anti-pattern of the Inspect and Adapt?

⬜ Too many ideas enter the problem-solving workshop
⬜ Not enough Team members attend the PI System Demo
⬜ Only one problem is identified by each Team in the retrospective
⬜ No actionable improvement Features are created

What is the first step of the problem-solving workshop in the Inspect and Adapt event?

⬜ Restate the new problem for the biggest root cause
⬜ Identify the biggest root cause
⬜ Perform a root-cause analysis
⬜ Agree on the problem(s) to solve

*According to SAFe, which of the following metrics are reported at the Inspect and Adapt event?

⬜ ART cycle velocity
⬜ ART predictability measure
⬜ Cumulative value measure
⬜ Cumulative value rate

What is the outcome of the problem-solving workshop in the Inspect and Adapt event?

⬜ Improvement Backlog Items
⬜ Team Backlog
⬜ PI Objectives
⬜ Enabler Stories

*Why is the problem-solving workshop more effective than traditional lessons learned documents?

⬜ Collaboration over documentation is a key recommendation of the Agile Manifesto
⬜ It makes improvements actionable through backlog items for the next PI
⬜ It involves a small group of leaders
⬜ Workshops are more engaging than document writing

*What is one tool that identifies specific practices for potential improvement?

⬜ Competency assessments
⬜ Flow metrics
⬜ Objectives and key results
⬜ Key performance indicators

What are two reasons the 5 Whys technique is effective in performing root cause analysis in the Inspect and Adapt (I&A) event? (Choose two.)

⬜ It allows for assumptions and logic traps
⬜ It is an effective way for the team to collaborate
⬜ It allows problems of a similar nature to be combined into groups
⬜ It reveals the nature of the problem by repeating “why” five times
⬜ It explores the cause-and-effect relationship underlying a particular problem

When the 5 Whys technique is used?

⬜ To identify the root cause of the problem
⬜ To define the acceptance criteria of a Story
⬜ To brainstorm on the customer journey
⬜ To define the requirements of MVP